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Neoplatonism and the Art of Calculation in Medieval Iceland: Algorithms, Geometry, and the Platonic Elements in the Medieval North

by Daniel Sloughter

Mathematics and Neoplatonic thought in medieval Iceland

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AlbakiReads Editorial

Mathematics and Neoplatonic thought in medieval Iceland

Daniel Sloughter’s study examines two mathematical texts preserved in the Icelandic manuscript GKS 1812: an Old Norse prose version of the *Carmen Algorismo*, concerned with Indo-Arabic numeration, and a brief exposition of geometry involving a circle and an inscribed equilateral triangle. The Old Norse text’s closing section links a geometric progression between cubes with the four elements, drawing on a Neoplatonic idea rooted in Plato’s *Timaeus*. Alongside transcripts and translations, the volume explains the texts’ methods and investigates the philosophical background of this unusual mathematical connection, placing the material in its medieval setting through a modern perspective.

Good fit for readers who enjoy

  • Readers studying medieval Icelandic and Old Norse texts.
  • Readers interested in the history of mathematics, including medieval numeration and geometry.
  • Readers exploring Neoplatonic ideas and their presence in medieval writing.

Themes

Medieval Icelandic manuscriptsOld Norse mathematicsIndo-Arabic numerationGeometryNeoplatonism and the four elements

Based on publisher information and book metadata.

Book overview

GKS 1812 is a broadly encyclopedic work consisting of four texts (identifiable by distinct scribal hands) composed during the 12th through 14th centuries. Among the various works included in the manuscript are two of a specifically mathematical nature: an Old Norse prose translation of the Carmen Algorismo, a Latin text on the use of the Indo-Arabic numeration system, and a one page exposition of some geometric relationships between a circle and an inscribed equilateral triangle.

The Old Norse Algorismus is unique among such works for containing a final section on a supposed connection between a geometric progression between cubes and the four elements, a neoplatonic formulation that has roots in the Timaeus.

Beyond providing transcripts, translations, and expositions of the methods of these two texts, this volume investigates the neoplatonic background of the final section and looks at the philosophical setting of the texts from a modern perspective.

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