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1873: The Rothschilds, the First Great Depression, and the Making of the Modern World

by Liaquat Ahamed

A global boom, a financial crash, and their far-reaching consequences

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Awards & Recognition

  • Award recognition

    Nominated for the Financial Times Business Book of the Year

    Nominated for the Financial Times Business Book of the Year.

AlbakiReads Editorial

A global boom, a financial crash, and their far-reaching consequences

Liaquat Ahamed traces the 1870s financial crisis back to the global bond boom of the preceding decades, when capital helped build railroads while also fueling speculation, overinvestment, and government borrowing. The crash spread from Vienna to New York, and the book follows its consequences through defaults, changes to the currency system, and a prolonged period of deflation. Its scope connects financial upheaval to political and social history, including the effects described for Reconstruction in the United States and the Ottoman Empire. The Rothschilds provide a central perspective on the era, including the antisemitic scapegoating directed at the family after the collapse.

Good fit for readers who enjoy

  • Readers interested in economic and financial history
  • Readers exploring the connections between global markets and political change
  • Readers interested in the Rothschilds and the history of antisemitism

Themes

Globalization and bond marketsFinancial speculation and crisisCurrency systems and deflationEconomic power, antisemitism, and scapegoating

Based on publisher information and book metadata.

Book overview

Nominated for the Financial Times Business Book of the Year

"The book to read right now [is 1873] . . . All of us are reading this." --Satya Nadella, CEO of Microsoft, The Times (UK)

"Superb . . . Ahamed thrillingly brings back to life a boom not unlike today's . . . In the process, he illuminates new ways of thinking about finance." --Patrick Foulis, Financial Times

From the author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning Lords of Finance, a magnificent and timely reckoning with the first truly global financial calamity and the famous banking family at the center of the whirlwind

Over the course of the 1850s and 1860s, during the first era of globalization, the world experienced an unprecedented economic boom. Fueling this expansion was an explosion in the global bond market, at the hub of which stood one family--the Rothschilds, arguably the wealthiest banking family in history. While the giant sums of capital provided through the bond market built the railroads, the century's most transformative investments, the money raised also unleashed a frenzy of speculation, massive overinvestment, and wasteful borrowing by governments.

With excessive euphoria leading to disappointed expectations, in the early 1870s the bubble burst. Stock markets from Vienna to New York crashed, and dozens of railroads and many governments defaulted. Financial officials responded by blundering into a precipitous remaking of the global currency system--exacerbating the ensuing economic collapse and setting the stage for decades of a punitive deflation that sparked waves of anti-globalist populism. As Liaquat Ahamed shows us in this enthralling history, the crisis of 1873 was, among other things, a death blow to Reconstruction in the United States and the proximate cause of the Ottoman Empire's slow death spiral. Ironically, though the Rothschilds had presciently kept a low profile during the bubble, when the deluge came, they were viciously scapegoated as part of a wider hatred directed at "Jewish finance," a strain of antisemitism that would come to full evil flower during the twentieth century.

1873 is a bird's-eye reckoning with the full dimension of the crisis, from its buildup to its long aftermath. The Rothschilds and a cast of other witnesses give us the human perspective. And we have a brilliant financial historian's grasp of the larger forces at play, resulting in a global narrative with thrilling explanatory power.
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