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Integrated: How American Schools Failed Black Children

by Noliwe Rooks

Desegregation’s consequences across generations

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Paperback New English

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Awards & Recognition

  • Editorial selection

    New York Public Library Best Book of the Year

    Named a New York Public Library Best Book of the Year.

AlbakiReads Editorial

Desegregation’s consequences across generations

Noliwe Rooks examines the gap between the promise of Brown v. Board of Education and the changes that followed in Black communities. Tracing four generations of her family, she brings personal records together with sociological data and cultural history to explore school closures, declining resources, the loss of Black educators, and the discrimination Black children encountered in newly integrated schools. The account frames education as both a means of community progress and a source of enduring questions about how that progress is pursued. Its focus is not only the policy milestone, but also the effects of its implementation on Black schools, educators, students, and families.

Good fit for readers who enjoy

  • Readers interested in the history and consequences of school desegregation in the United States.
  • Readers seeking work on Black education, educators, and community institutions.
  • Readers who value accounts combining family history with sociological data and cultural history.

Themes

School desegregationBlack educational institutionsEducation and community progressIntergenerational family history

Based on publisher information and book metadata.

Book overview

A NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR - A powerful, incisive reckoning with the impacts of school desegregation that traces four generations of the author's family to show how the implementation of integration decimated Black school systems and did much of the Black community a disservice

"Rooks deftly sketches this lamentable, sobering history."--The Atlantic


On May 17, 1954, Brown v. Board of Education determined that racial segregation in schools was unconstitutional. Heralded as a massive victory for civil rights, the decision's goal was to give Black children equitable access to educational opportunities and clear a path to a better future. Yet in the years following the ruling, schools in predominantly Black neighborhoods were shuttered or saw their funding dwindle; Black educators were fired en masse; and Black children faced discrimination and violence from white peers and educators as they joined resource-rich schools that were reticent to accept the new students.

Award-winning scholar Noliwe Rooks weaves together sociological data, cultural history, and personal records to challenge the idea that integration was a boon for Black children. At once assiduously researched and deeply engaging, Integrated tells the story of how education has remained both a tool for community progress and a seemingly inscrutable cultural puzzle. Rooks's deft hand turns the story of integration's past and future on its head and shows how we may better understand and support generations of students to come.
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