{"title":"Biological \u0026 Chemical Warfare","description":"\u003cp\u003eBiological and chemical warfare addresses the use and development of deadly agents in military history, examining how toxins and pathogens have been weaponized through different conflicts and eras. Unlike general military history, this topic analyzes the scientific, ethical, and strategic dimensions of unconventional weapons, their deployment, and their lasting consequences on societies and environments.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo refine your reading in biological and chemical warfare, consider focusing on specific events, regulatory developments, or the evolution of international treaties addressing these weapons. 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President Mikhail Gorbachev was negotiating for the Chemical Weapons Convention. This treaty was supposed to destroy chemical weapons of the world and ban new ones. The Moscow institute that developed chemical weapons at that same time was secretly developing newer and greatly more toxic ones known anecdotally as \"Novichok\" and new binaries. Dr. Vil Mirzayanov, a scientist there, was responsible for developing methods of detecting extremely minute traces in the environment surrounding the institute. He decided this dangerous hypocrisy was not tolerable, and he became the first whistleblower to reveal the Russian chemical weapons program to the world. His book, State Secrets, takes a startling detailed look at the inside workings of the Russian chemical weapons program, and it tells how the Russians set up a new program in Syria. Mirzayanov's book provides a shocking, up-close examination of Russia's military and political complex and its extraordinary efforts to hide dangerous weapons from the world. 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