{"title":"History African American","description":"\u003cp\u003eExplore African American history books covering culture, civil rights, biographies, communities, leadership, social change, and powerful lived experiences. Find meaningful titles for students, teachers, families, researchers, and readers seeking deeper historical understanding.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"lifting-chains-black-freedom-struggle-since-reconstruction-9780197616451-new","title":"Lifting the Chains: The Black Freedom Struggle Since Reconstruction","description":"\u003cstrong\u003eAll-Black institutions and local community groups have been at the forefront of the freedom struggle since the beginning.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLifting the Chains\u003c\/em\u003e is a history of the Black experience in America since the Civil War, told by one of our most\u003cbr\u003edistinguished historians of modern America, William H. Chafe. He argues that, despite the wishes and arguments of many whites to the contrary, the struggle for freedom has been carried out primarily by Black Americans, with only occasional assistance from whites. Chafe highlights the role of all-black institutions--especially the churches, lodges, local gangs, neighborhood women's groups, and the Black college clubs that gathered at local pool halls--that talked up the issues, examined different courses of action, and then put their lives on the line to make change happen. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe book draws heavily on the tremendous oral history archives at Duke that Chafe founded and nurtured, much of which is previously unpublished. The archives are now a collection of more than 3,600 oral histories tracing the evolution of Black activism, managed under the auspices of the Duke Center for Documentary History. The project uncovered the degree to which Blacks never gave up the struggle against racism, even during the height of Jim Crow segregation from 1900 to 1950. Chafe draws on these valuable resources to build this definitive history of African American activism, a history that can and should inform Black Lives Matter and other contemporary social justice movements.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"OXFORD UNIV PR","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162427068706,"sku":"9780197616451-new","price":33.54,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780197616451.jpg?v=1753401790"},{"product_id":"land-shall-be-deluged-blood-new-history-nat-turner-revolt-9780190055615-new","title":"Land Shall Be Deluged in Blood: A New History of the Nat Turner Revolt","description":"\u003cp\u003eOn the evening of August 21, 1831, Nat Turner and six men launched their infamous rebellion against slaveholders. The rebels swept through Southampton County, Virginia, recruiting slaves to their ranks and killing nearly five dozen whites-more than had ever been killed in any slave revolt in American history. Although a hastily assembled group of whites soon suppressed the violence, its repercussions had far-reaching consequences.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cem\u003eThe Land Shall Be Deluged in Blood\u003c\/em\u003e, Patrick H. Breen uses the dramatic events in Southampton to explore the terrible choices faced by members of the local black community as they considered joining the rebels, a choice that would likely cost them their lives, supporting their masters, or somehow avoiding taking sides. Combining fast-paced narrative with rigorous analysis, Breen shows how, as whites regained control, slaveholders created an account of the revolt that saved their slaves from white retribution, the most dangerous threat facing the slaveholders' human property. By probing the stories slaveholders told that allowed them to get non-slaveholders to protect slave property, \u003cem\u003eThe Land Shall Be Deluged in Blood \u003c\/em\u003ereveals something surprising about both the fragility and power of slavery.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"OXFORD UNIV PR","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162427330850,"sku":"9780190055615-new","price":46.26,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780190055615.jpg?v=1753401790"},{"product_id":"hidden-figures-american-dream-untold-story-black-women-mathematicians-who-helped-win-space-race-9780062677280-new","title":"Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe #1 New York Times bestseller\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e-WINNER OF ANISFIELD-WOLF AWARD FOR NONFICTION\u003cbr\u003e-WINNER BLACK CAUCUS OF AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION BEST NONFICTION BOOK\u003cbr\u003e-WINNER NAACP IMAGE AWARD BEST NONFICTION BOOK\u003cbr\u003e-WINNER NATIONAL ACADEMIES OF SCIENCES, ENGINEERING AND MEDICINE COMMUNICATION AWARD\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe phenomenal true story of the black female mathematicians at NASA at the leading edge of the feminist and civil rights movement, whose calculations helped fuel some of America's greatest achievements in space--a powerful, revelatory contribution to African American history that is as essential to our understanding of race, discrimination, and achievement in modern America as \u003ci\u003eBetween the World and Me\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eThe Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks\u003c\/i\u003e. The basis for the smash Academy Award-nominated film starring Taraji P. Henson, Octavia Spencer, Janelle Monae, Kirsten Dunst, and Kevin Costner.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn this riveting piece of NASA history, before John Glenn orbited the earth, or Neil Armstrong walked on the moon, a group of dedicated female mathematicians known as \"human computers\" used pencils, slide rules and adding machines to calculate the numbers that would launch rockets, and astronauts, into space.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmong these problem-solvers were a group of exceptionally talented African American women--pioneering women in STEM and some of the brightest minds of their generation. Originally relegated to teaching math in the South's segregated public schools, they were called into service during the labor shortages of World War II, when America's aeronautics industry was in dire need of anyone who had the right stuff. Suddenly, these overlooked math whizzes had a shot at jobs worthy of their skills, and they answered Uncle Sam's call, moving to Hampton, Virginia and the fascinating, high-energy world of the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEven as Virginia's Jim Crow laws required them to be segregated from their white counterparts, the women of Langley's all-black \"West Computing\" group helped America achieve one of the things it desired most: a decisive victory over the Soviet Union in the Cold War, a foundational moment in space exploration history, and complete domination of the heavens.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eStarting in World War II and moving through to the Cold War, the Civil Rights Movement and the Space Race, \u003ci\u003eHidden Figures\u003c\/i\u003e follows the interwoven accounts of Dorothy Vaughan, Mary Jackson, Katherine Johnson and Christine Darden, four African American women who participated in some of NASA's greatest successes. It chronicles their careers over nearly three decades they faced challenges, forged alliances and used their intellect to change their own lives, and their country's future.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHow did these brilliant women overcome the barriers of segregation and sexism to help win the Space Race?\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003ePioneering Mathematicians: \u003c\/b\u003e Follow the incredible careers of Dorothy Vaughan, Mary Jackson, Katherine Johnson, and Christine Darden as they break new ground at Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eCold War Victory: \u003c\/b\u003e Discover the true story behind the calculations that helped America achieve a decisive victory over the Soviet Union and launched astronauts like John Glenn into orbit.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eSegregation and Science: \u003c\/b\u003e Witness their struggle and triumph as they navigated the injustices of Jim Crow laws, working in segregated facilities even as they contributed to America's greatest scientific achievements.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eAn Inspiring True Story: \u003c\/b\u003e A powerful narrative of resilience, intellect, and achievement, this book is a vital contribution to understanding the intersection of race, gender, and science in twentieth-century America.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"WILLIAM MORROW","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162427396386,"sku":"9780062677280-new","price":17.67,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780062677280.jpg?v=1753401791"},{"product_id":"freedom-schools-student-activists-mississippi-civil-rights-movement-9780231175685-new","title":"The Freedom Schools: Student Activists in the Mississippi Civil Rights Movement","description":"\u003cp\u003eCreated in 1964 as part of the Mississippi Freedom Summer, the Mississippi Freedom Schools were launched by educators and activists to provide an alternative education for African American students that would facilitate student activism and participatory democracy. The schools, as Jon N. Hale demonstrates, had a crucial role in the civil rights movement and a major impact on the development of progressive education throughout the nation. Designed and run by African American and white educators and activists, the Freedom Schools counteracted segregationist policies that inhibited opportunities for black youth. Providing high-quality, progressive education that addressed issues of social justice, the schools prepared African American students to fight for freedom on all fronts. Forming a political network, the Freedom Schools taught students how, when, and where to engage politically, shaping activists who trained others to challenge inequality.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBased on dozens of first-time interviews with former Freedom School students and teachers and on rich archival materials, this remarkable social history of the Mississippi Freedom Schools is told from the perspective of those frequently left out of civil rights narratives that focus on national leadership or college protestors. Hale reveals the role that school-age students played in the civil rights movement and the crucial contribution made by grassroots activists on the local level. He also examines the challenges confronted by Freedom School activists and teachers, such as intimidation by racist Mississippians and race relations between blacks and whites within the schools. In tracing the stories of Freedom School students into adulthood, this book reveals the ways in which these individuals turned training into decades of activism. Former students and teachers speak eloquently about the principles that informed their practice and the influence that the Freedom School curriculum has had on education. They also offer key strategies for further integrating the American school system and politically engaging today's youth.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"COLUMBIA UNIV PR","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162427592994,"sku":"9780231175685-new","price":168.27,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780231175685.jpg?v=1753401791"},{"product_id":"dick-gregorys-political-primer-9780062981356-new","title":"Dick Gregory's Political Primer","description":"\u003cp\u003eA unique and timeless guide to American government and its electoral process--as relevant today as when it was first published in 1972--from the voice of black consciousness, cultural icon Dick Gregory, the incomparable satirist, human rights and environmental activist, health advocate, social justice champion, and author of the NAACP Image Award-winning Defining Moments in Black History: Reading Between the Lies and the classic bestseller Nigger: An Autobiography.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor most of his life, Richard Claxton \"Dick\" Gregory worked to educate Americans about the issues--and the forces of power--shaping their lives. A brilliant and informed student of the American experiment, he viewed and understood politics with an acuity few possess. Nearly fifty years ago, on the eve of Richard M. Nixon's reelection, he wrote a classic guide to the American political system for ordinary folks. Today, when American democracy is threatened, his primer is more necessary than ever before. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn Dick Gregory's Political Primer, Gregory presents a series of lessons accompanied by review questions to educate and empower every citizen. He provides amusing, concise, and clear information and commentary on the nature of political parties, the three branches of government and how they operate, how the campaign process works and the costs, and more. Gregory offers imaginative comparisons such as the Hueys--Long, the populist Louisiana governor and Newton, the cofounder of the Black Panthers--and numerological parallels between Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy. He also includes a trenchant glossary that offers insights into some of the major players, terms, and institutions integral to our democracy and government. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAn essential guide to American history unlike any other, Dick Gregory's Political Primer joins the ranks of classics such as Howard Zinn's A People's History of the United States, and is essential reading for every American.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGregory pulls no punches in this essential guide to the American system: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eThe Two-Party System: \u003c\/b\u003e Learn why the Founding Fathers dreaded the rise of political parties and how the system became a trap with little real choice for voters.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eThe Electoral College: \u003c\/b\u003e A clear, concise breakdown of how the President is actually elected--and why the popular vote doesn't always matter.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003ePolitical Satire: \u003c\/b\u003e Experience Gregory's razor-sharp wit as he dissects everything from campaign promises to the Pentagon, using humor as a weapon for truth.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eCitizen Surveillance: \u003c\/b\u003e A prescient look at the rise of government snooping from the FBI and CIA, as chillingly relevant today as it was in the Nixon era.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"AMISTAD PR","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162427658530,"sku":"9780062981356-new","price":19.23,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780062981356.jpg?v=1753401793"},{"product_id":"black-software-internet-racial-justice-afronet-black-lives-matter-9780190863845-new","title":"Black Software: The Internet \u0026 Racial Justice, from the Afronet to Black Lives Matter","description":"Activists, pundits, politicians, and the press frequently proclaim today's digitally mediated racial justice activism the new civil rights movement. As Charlton D. McIlwain shows in this book, the story of racial justice movement organizing online is much longer and varied than most people know. In fact, it spans nearly five decades and involves a varied group of engineers, entrepreneurs, hobbyists, journalists, and activists. But this is a history that is virtually unknown even in our current age of Google, Facebook, Twitter, and Black Lives Matter. \u003cp\u003eBeginning with the simultaneous rise of civil rights and computer revolutions in the 1960s, McIlwain, for the first time, chronicles the long relationship between African Americans, computing technology, and the Internet. In turn, he argues that the forgotten figures who worked to make black politics central to the Internet's birth and evolution paved the way for today's explosion of racial justice activism. From the 1960s to present, the book examines how computing technology has been used to neutralize the threat that black people pose to the existing racial order, but also how black people seized these new computing tools to build community, wealth, and wage a war for racial justice.Through archival sources and the voices of many of those who lived and made this history, \u003cem\u003eBlack Software \u003c\/em\u003ecentralizes African Americans' role in the Internet's creation and evolution, illuminating both the limits and possibilities for using digital technology to push for racial justice in the United States and across the globe.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"OXFORD UNIV PR","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162427724066,"sku":"9780190863845-new","price":24.19,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780190863845.jpg?v=1753401793"},{"product_id":"sweet-taste-liberty-true-story-slavery-restitution-america-9780190846992-new","title":"Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America","description":"\u003cstrong\u003eWinner of the Pulitzer Prize for History \u003cp\u003eThe unforgettable saga of one enslaved woman's fight for justice--and reparations\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003eBorn into slavery, Henrietta Wood was taken to Cincinnati and legally freed in 1848. In 1853, a Kentucky deputy sheriff named Zebulon Ward colluded with Wood's employer, abducted her, and sold her back into bondage. She remained enslaved throughout the Civil War, giving birth to a son in Mississippi and never forgetting who had put her in this position. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBy 1869, Wood had obtained her freedom for a second time and returned to Cincinnati, where she sued Ward for damages in 1870. Astonishingly, after eight years of litigation, Wood won her case: in 1878, a Federal jury awarded her $2,500. The decision stuck on appeal. More important than the amount, though the largest ever awarded by an American court in restitution for slavery, was the fact that any money was awarded at all. By the time the case was decided, Ward had become a wealthy businessman and a pioneer of convict leasing in the South. Wood's son later became a prominent Chicago lawyer, and she went on to live until 1912. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMcDaniel's book is an epic tale of a black woman who survived slavery twice and who achieved more than merely a moral victory over one of her oppressors. Above all, \u003cem\u003eSweet Taste of Liberty\u003c\/em\u003e is a portrait of an extraordinary individual as well as a searing reminder of the lessons of her story, which establish beyond question the connections between slavery and the prison system that rose in its place.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"OXFORD UNIV PR","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162427789602,"sku":"9780190846992-new","price":26.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780190846992.jpg?v=1753401795"},{"product_id":"radical-reparations-healing-soul-nation-9780063004726-new","title":"Radical Reparations: Healing the Soul of a Nation","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\"An urgent call to action, a manifesto for justice, and a blueprint for a more equitable America. . . .It's time we confront our history head-on, and \u003cem\u003eRadical Reparations\u003c\/em\u003e provides the necessary tools.\" --Congresswoman Barbara Lee\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA timely groundbreaking book in the vein of Derrick Bell's \u003cem\u003eFaces at the Bottom of the Well\u003c\/em\u003e, one of the country's foremost voices on reparations, offers a radical and vital new framework going beyond the current debate over this controversial issue.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor over a century, the idea of reparations for the descendants of enslaved Black Americans has divided the United States. However, while the iconic phrase \"40 acres and a mule\" encapsulates the general notion of reparations, history has proven that the damages of enslavement on the African American community far exceed what a plot of land or a check could repair. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhile reparations are being widely debated once again, current petitions to redress the lasting and collateral consequences of slavery have not moved past economic solutions, even though we know that monetary redress alone is not enough. Not only would many wounds be left unhealed, but relying solely on economics would continue a legacy of neglect for African Americans. In this thoughtful and sure-to-be controversial book, Marcus Anthony Hunter argues that a radical shift in our outlook is necessary; we need more comprehensive solutions such as those currently sought by today's educators, historians, activists, organizers, Afrofuturists, and socially conscious citizens. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cem\u003eRadical Reparations\u003c\/em\u003e, this conversation shifter, social justice pioneer, change agent, and inventor of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter, which redefined the global conversation on racism and social justice, offers a unifying and unconventional framework for achieving holistic and comprehensive healing of African American communities. Hunter reimagines reparations through a profound new lens as he defines seven types of compensation: political, intellectual, legal, economic, spatial, social, and spiritual, using analysis of historical documents, comparative international cases, and speculative parables. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eProfound and revolutionary, trenchant and timely, \u003cem\u003eRadical Reparations\u003c\/em\u003e provides a compellingly and provocatively reframing of reparations' past, present, and future, offering a unifying way forward for us all. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"AMISTAD PR","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162428248354,"sku":"9780063004726-new","price":24.19,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780063004726.jpg?v=1753401796"},{"product_id":"happy-dreams-liberty-american-family-slavery-freedom-9780197531792-new","title":"Happy Dreams of Liberty: An American Family in Slavery and Freedom","description":"\u003cstrong\u003eA poignant, multi-generational saga of a mixed-race family in the US West and South from the antebellum period through the rise of Jim Crow.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhen Samuel Townsend died at his home in Madison County, Alabama, in November 1856, the fifty-two-year-old white planter left behind hundreds of slaves, thousands of acres of rich cotton land, and a net worth of approximately $200,000. In life, Samuel had done little to distinguish himself from other members of the South's elite slaveholding class. But he made a name for himself in death by leaving almost the entirety of his fortune to his five sons, four daughters, and two nieces: all of them his slaves. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn this deeply researched, movingly narrated portrait of the extended Townsend family, R. Isabela Morales reconstructs the migration of this mixed-race family across the American West and South over the second half of the nineteenth century. Searching for communities where they could exercise their newfound freedom and wealth to the fullest, members of the family homesteaded and attended college in Ohio and Kansas; fought for the Union Army in Mississippi; mined for silver in the Colorado Rockies; and, in the case of one son, returned to Alabama to purchase part of the old plantation where he had once been held as a slave. In Morales's telling, the Townsends' story maps a new landscape of opportunity and oppression, where the meanings of race and freedom--as well as opportunities for social and economic mobility--were dictated by highly local circumstances. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDuring the turbulent period between the Civil War and the rise of Jim Crow at the turn of the twentieth century, the Townsends carved out spaces where they were able to benefit from their money and mixed-race ancestry, pass down generational wealth, and realize some of their happy dreams of liberty.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"OXFORD UNIV PR","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162428313890,"sku":"9780197531792-new","price":37.35,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780197531792.jpg?v=1753401797"},{"product_id":"black-fortunes-story-first-six-african-americans-who-survived-slavery-became-millionaires-9780062437600-new","title":"Black Fortunes: The Story of the First Six African Americans Who Survived Slavery and Became Millionaires","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\"By telling the little-known stories of six pioneering African American entrepreneurs, \u003ci\u003eBlack Fortunes\u003c\/i\u003e makes a worthy contribution to black history, to business history, and to American history.\"--Margot Lee Shetterly, \u003ci\u003eNew York Times\u003c\/i\u003e Bestselling author of \u003ci\u003eHidden Figures\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBetween the years of 1830 and 1927, as the last generation of blacks born into slavery was reaching maturity, a small group of industrious, tenacious, and daring men and women broke new ground to attain the highest levels of financial success.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMary Ellen Pleasant, used her Gold Rush wealth to further the cause of abolitionist John Brown. Robert Reed Church, became the largest landowner in Tennessee. Hannah Elias, the mistress of a New York City millionaire, used the land her lover gave her to build an empire in Harlem. Orphan and self-taught chemist Annie Turnbo-Malone, developed the first national brand of hair care products. Mississippi school teacher O. W. Gurley, developed a piece of Tulsa, Oklahoma, into a \"town\" for wealthy black professionals and craftsmen that would become known as \"the Black Wall Street.\" Although Madam C. J Walker was given the title of America's first female black millionaire, she was not. 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Not only do taxpayers with fewer resources--less wealth, power, and land--pay more than the well-off, but they are forced to fight for their rights within an unjust system that undermines any attempts to improve their position or economic standing. In \u003ci\u003eThe Black Tax\u003c\/i\u003e, Andrew W. Kahrl reveals the shocking history and ruinous consequences of inequitable and predatory tax laws in this country--above all, widespread and devastating racial dispossession. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e Throughout the twentieth century, African Americans acquired substantial amounts of property nationwide. But racist practices, obscure processes, and outright theft diminished their holdings and their power. Of these, Kahrl shows, few were more powerful, or more quietly destructive, than property taxes. He examines all the structural features and hidden traps within America's tax system that have forced Black Americans to pay more for less and stripped them of their land and investments, and he reveals the staggering cost. The story of America's now enormous concentration of wealth at the top--and the equally enormous absence of wealth among most Black households--has its roots here. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e Kahrl exposes the painful history of these practices, from Reconstruction up to the present, and tells, for the first time, the story of Black Americans' experiences as taxpayers and their fight for a more fair and equitable system for raising and spending the public's money. This is a history that deepens our understanding of the disadvantages and persistent inequalities that African American households continue to face and reveals hidden engines of economic inequality in America. Detailing the hows and whys of America's profoundly unequal tax system, \u003ci\u003eThe Black Tax\u003c\/i\u003e equips readers with the knowledge needed to combat inequality and injustice today.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"UNIV OF CHICAGO PR","offers":[{"title":"New","offer_id":50162428805410,"sku":"9780226730592-new","price":27.46,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0893\/4755\/5618\/files\/9780226730592.jpg?v=1753401843"},{"product_id":"shadow-slavery-african-americans-new-york-city-1626-1863-9780226824871-new","title":"In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626-1863","description":"\u003cb\u003eA new edition of a classic work revealing the little-known history of African Americans in New York City before Emancipation. \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cp\u003e The popular understanding of the history of slavery in America almost entirely ignores the institution's extensive reach in the North. 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